Media Effects Theory
Does Continuously Using SNS Change Self-Esteem?
This question explores how the continuous use of social networking services (SNS) affects an individual's self-esteem. Within the framework of media effects theory, it analyzes how idealized images and others' successes presented on SNS transform users' self-perception, drawing on social comparison theory and uses and gratifications theory. Positive aspects include connection and encouragement, while negative aspects include increased envy and anxiety, with effects varying based on individual usage patterns and media literacy.
The position that continuous SNS use primarily leads to decreased self-esteem. Increased frequency of social comparison and exposure to idealized images increase depression and anxiety.
The view that effects depend on how it is used and individual characteristics. Positive use (mutual encouragement) improves self-esteem, while negative use decreases it.
The position that it is not a single use but the cumulative long-term exposure that forms the basis of self-esteem. The standard of 'normal' gradually changes, impairing the stability of self-esteem.
The position that users are active agents who select and interpret media, and the impact on self-esteem can be controlled by individual media literacy and coping abilities.
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Have you ever looked at someone's post on SNS and thought 'I'm no good'?
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Do you think stopping SNS would increase or decrease your self-esteem?
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Do you ever feel that the number of likes or followers is a measure of your own worth?
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In the midst of many seemingly perfect posts, how do you feel about your own posts?
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Do you ever feel down after using SNS? What do you think is the reason?
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Is there anything you are conscious of in your SNS usage to maintain self-esteem?
This theme is not about denying SNS use, but about exploring better ways to engage with digital tools together. By understanding fluctuations in self-esteem not as 'personal weakness' but within social and technological contexts, it becomes a space where we can direct kind gazes toward each other.
- Self-Esteem
- Subjective evaluation of one's own worth and abilities. In relation to SNS use, fluctuations due to comparison are noted.
- Social Comparison
- The psychological process of comparing oneself to others. On SNS, upward comparison (comparing to those perceived as superior) tends to lower self-esteem.
- Media Effects Theory
- A group of theories that systematically study the influence of media on receivers. Includes models from direct effects to limited effects and long-term effects.
- Uses and Gratifications Theory
- A theory that views media use as an active choice by users to satisfy specific needs. Links motivations for SNS use with its effects.
- Upward Comparison
- Comparison with others perceived as superior. On SNS, comparison with seemingly perfect posts becomes a factor that impairs self-esteem.
Recall a recent moment when you reacted to someone's post on SNS. What was the emotion at that time?
In a world without SNS, how do you think your self-esteem would differ from now?
As you listen to the other person, quietly imagine: 'What kind of comparisons is this person making on SNS?'
- What does pretending to be someone else to get 'likes' bring to self-esteem?
- Stories of people who quit SNS and changes in their self-esteem
- The possibility that algorithms are manipulating self-esteem
- The difference in contribution to self-esteem between real human relationships and SNS connections
- Characteristics of self-esteem in generations exposed to SNS since childhood
- Possibility of developing SNS usage methods to enhance self-esteem