// Glossary
Parasocial Relationship
6 topics
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Is the Community in Virtual Space Different from Real Community?
A psychological phenomenon where a one-sided media figure feels like an intimate relationship to the viewer. Prominent between VTubers and fans.
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How Do We Grasp the Sense of Distance to the Person Within the Screen?
A psychological phenomenon in one-directional media relationships (viewer → streamer) where the viewer feels as if they are in a bidirectional intimate relationship. The foundation of VTuber fan psychology and the source of the 'pseudo-intimacy' brought by the screen.
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Is Empathy Through Media Genuine Empathy?
A one-sided relationship in which one feels intimacy or empathy toward a media figure.
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Does Media Alleviate Loneliness or Deepen It?
A one-sided sense of intimacy felt toward media figures (celebrities, characters, influencers). Not an actual two-way relationship.
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Attachment to a Being One Can Only Encounter Through a Screen
A one-sided relationship in which a viewer feels intimacy toward a media persona, but the persona does not know or respond to it. Proposed by Donald Horton and others in the 1950s, it has gained even greater intensity in the VTuber era.
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Is Intimacy Through Sound Genuine Intimacy?
One-sided relationship in which the listener feels intimacy unilaterally while the other party either does not exist or does not respond.